Metastatic Breast Cancer - Europe PMC

Routine Screening Mammogram Leading to the Incidental Diagnosis of a Metastatic Neuroendocrine Breast Cancer (NEBC) from an Unrecognized Asymptomatic Small Bowel Neuroendocrine Tumor

Epithelial neoplasms with predominant neuroendocrine differentiation that arise in the gastrointestinal tract and are specific to the site of origin, such as the pancreas and small intestine. During routine screening mammography, a 60-year-old woman was discovered to have a prominent left breast nodule. We present a case. Tissue biopsy was found to be in accordance with metastatic NEBC. On further diagnostic imaging, the patient was found to have primary small intestine asymptomatic NENs. Management of metastatic versus primary NEBC is still more complicated. Gastroenteropancreatic NENs are treated with long-acting somatostatin analogs with positive prognostic results.

Source link: https://europepmc.org/article/MED/PMC9012597

Randomized Phase II Study of Two Doses of Pixantrone in Patients with Metastatic Breast Cancer (NCCTG N1031, Alliance).

Background Anthracycline use in metastatic breast cancer is hindered by cumulative exposure limits and the risk of cardiotoxicity. Pixantrone, a novel aza-anthracenedione with structural similarities to mitoxantrone and anthracyclines, has been shown to have less cardiotoxicity, mainly due to a lack of iron binding. We conducted a random phase II study to determine the efficacy and safety of two dosing regimens of pixantrone in patients with refractory HER2-negative MBC. Intravenous pixantrone was administered at 180 mg/m2 every 3 weeks versus 85 mg/m2 on days 1, 8, and 15 of a 28-day cycle. In this patient group, a 20% ORR was considered as adequate for further testing of pixantrone. Forty-five patients were evaluable, with two confirmed partial responses in group A and one in group B, with two of group A and one in group B. The following events had a detrimental effect on a notable overall rating of 3-4 adverse events: neutrophil count decrease, exhaustion, and decrease in ejection fraction.

Source link: https://europepmc.org/article/MED/35445723

Transcription factor Runx2 changes the expression of some matricellular proteins in metastatic breast cancer cells.

Background Runx2 is one of the runt-related genes that are overexpressed in human cancers and contribute to metastasis. The cancer cell metastasis requires genetic modification of the extracellular matrix and a decrease in ECM-cell contact. This research was designed to investigate the effect of the Runx2 transcription factor on the expression of matricellular proteins such as HPA1, LOX, SPARC, and OPN, which are all important in ECM design and ECM-cell interaction in human breast cancer. Methods and findings The Runx2 knockdown model was created using runx2 siRNA in MDA-MB-231 human metastatic breast cancer cells, according to the authors. The qPCR and Western blotting experiments showed that ECM proteins' changes in the mRNA and protein expressions were demonstrated by the mRNA and protein expressions, respectively. Hence, we have found that runx2 appears to be highly effective in inhibiting breast cancer metastasis by an expression of matricellular proteins.

Source link: https://europepmc.org/article/MED/35441354

A descriptive systematic review of the relationship between personality traits and quality of life of women with non-metastatic breast cancer.

This descriptive systematic review looked at the connection between personality and QoL in women with non-metastatic breast cancer. On psychosocial QoL domains, the relationship was dependent on the personality trait and QoL domain that was measured, and it was most apparent for the personality traits 'optimism' and 'trait anxiety' on psychosocial QoL domains. The results from the personality traits corporation, agreeableness, conscientiousness, novelty seeking, and self-efficacy showed a smaller yet statistically significant relationship between these personality traits and QoL. Conclusions The findings show that personality plays a role in QoL in women with non-metastatic breast cancer, and that genetic characteristics are also significant determining factors of QoL. With information regarding personality traits, physicians and patients with an interpretation of QoL's low or deterioration of QoL, which may encourage physicians to monitor their patients' health conditions and then QoL using psycho-oncological assistance or therapy.

Source link: https://europepmc.org/article/MED/35439953

Loss of E-cadherin leads to Id2-dependent inhibition of cell cycle progression in metastatic lobular breast cancer.

Proliferative indolence and long-term latency relapses are characteristic of Invasive lobular breast carcinoma. This research was designed to determine how disseminating ILC cells influence the balance between quiescence and cell cycle re-entry. In the absence of anchorage, ILC cells in G0/G1 undergo a prolonged cell cycle arrest while maintaining viability. We selected Inhibitor of DNA binding 2, a mediator of cell cycle progression, from the genes that are upregulated in anchorage-dependent ILC cells. In contrast, stable inducible revival of E-cadherin expression in the ILC cell line SUM44PE reduces Id2 expression and anoikis resistance. We conclude that Id2 is indeed enriched in ILC as compared to other breast cancers, and that cytosolic Id2 protein expression in primary ILC samples is consistent. As such, E-cadherin and Id2 are promising candidates to stratify low and moderate grade invasive breast cancers for the use of medical cell cycle intervention products.

Source link: https://europepmc.org/article/MED/35437308

XGBoost-based and tumor-immune characterized gene signature for the prediction of metastatic status in breast cancer.

Background For a long time, breast cancer has been a leading cancer diagnosis in women around the world, and nearly 90 percent of cancer-related deaths are due to metastasis. In general, the effects of SQSTM in tumor cells have been assigned as a risk factor, while the effects of the other 5 genes in immune cells have been classified as protective factors. Conclusions Our results will help with a more accurate estimation of breast cancer's metastatic status and can also aid in the mining of breast cancer metastasis-related biomarkers.

Source link: https://europepmc.org/article/MED/35436939

Overall survival with palbociclib plus endocrine therapy versus capecitabine in postmenopausal patients with hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer in the PEARL study.

Background: An earlier analysis of the PEARL phase III study revealed that palbociclib plus endocrine therapy does not improve progression-free survival in aromatase inhibitor-resistant, hormone receptor-positive/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative metastatic breast cancer patients with a gene receptor-positive/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative, non-negative metastatic breast cancer patients with a placebo-positive/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative metastatic breast cancer patients with capetab chemota endocrine hormone receptor receptor-negative metastatic breast cancer patients with capecitabine chemotherapy does not improvesetad-free survival in aromatas phosphor a endocrine receptor-positive/human epidermal growth factor receptor-negative metastatic breast cancer patients with serum endocrine receptor-negative metastatic breast cancer patients with chemad hypotad hypophemature Methods Postmenopausal patients were randomized 1:1 to capecitabine or palbociclib plus ET, according to the following tables. In Cohort 2, the wild-type ESR1 population and the overall population, the OS was determined. OS was 37. 2 months for palbociclib plus ET and 34. 8 months for capecitabine in the wild-type ESR1 population, with 37. 2 months for capecitabine. Capecitabine was used for 32. 6 months by palbociclib plus ET and 30. 9 months for capecitabine respectively. Patients with palbociclib plus ET and capecitabine were admitted to 79. 8% and 82. 9% of patients with subsequent systemic therapy, respectively. Conclusions Palbociclib Plus ET did not have a statistically superior OS in MBC patients receiving oxytase inhibitors, despite capecitabine's in MBC patients progressing on aromatase inhibitors.

Source link: https://europepmc.org/article/MED/35429901

Clinically relevant CHK1 inhibitors abrogate wild-type and Y537S mutant ERα expression and proliferation in luminal primary and metastatic breast cancer cells.

Methods 170 kinase inhibitors were introduced to MCF-7 cells either with adaptive or genetic resistance to ET drugs, and both ER levels and cell proliferation were measured. The results of a reduced CHK1 expression in women with ER-positive BCs have a longer RFS. When expressing low CHK1 values, women carrying luminal A BC have an extended RFS. According to ER-positive BC cell lines, CHK1 and ER activations are linked, while the ATR:CHK1 pathway regulates ER growth and cell proliferation in luminal A BC cells. CHK1 inhibitors are also linked to cell proliferation in cell proliferation, and medications approved for clinical use of primary and MBC prevent cell proliferation in cell proliferation.

Source link: https://europepmc.org/article/MED/35418303

The effect of trastuzumab on cardiac function in patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer and reduced baseline left ventricular ejection fraction.

With a reduced baseline left ventricular ejection percentage, we investigated the effect of trastuzumab on cardiac function in a real-world historic cohort of patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer with reduced baseline left ventricular ejection fractions. The LVEF did not rise in 24/37 patients, during this period, while 13/37 patients experienced acute cardiotoxicity (LVEF) of 7 months after beginning trastuzumab, with median time to severe cardiotoxicity of 7 months. Despite having a poor baseline LVEF, sixty-five percent of patients who received trastuzumab for HER2-positive MBC did not experience cardiovascular disease during a median follow-up of 18 months.

Source link: https://europepmc.org/article/MED/35403708

Association between age at initial diagnosis and post-metastasis mortality among women with recurrent metastatic breast cancer in China.

We analyzed the connection between age at first diagnosis and rMBC mortality in China here. Methods included in this report were a total of 1636 women diagnosed with rMBC between 1989 and 2020 at West China Hospital, Sichuan University. After adjusting for demographics, tumor characteristics, and treatment strategies, elderly patients had a 70% higher risk of post-metastasis mortality in comparison to middle-aged patients. Similarly, elderly patients were largely at risk of post-metastasis mortality compared to younger patients. Conclusions Our results show that in breast cancer, elderly patients at initial diagnosis have a higher risk of post-metastasis mortality.

Source link: https://europepmc.org/article/MED/35397518

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