Carbon Cycle - Europe PMC

One-carbon metabolite supplementation to heifers for the first 14 days of the estrous cycle alters the plasma and hepatic one-carbon metabolite pool and methionine-folate cycle enzyme transcript abundance in a dose-dependent manner.

This research was conducted to determine the dose of folate and vitamin B12 in beef heifers fed rumen protected methionine and choline that must have elevated B12 levels and intermediates of the methionine-folate cycle in circulation. TMR, MET, CHOL, 10 mg B12, and 160 mg folate were administered at d 0 and 7 of the estrous cycle's longest cycle, 0XNEG, MET, CHOL, 5 mg B12, and 82 mg folate at d 0 and 7, 1X. Serum folate levels were higher for the 2X treatment at d 5, 7, and 9 of the cycle, relative to all other drugs compared to all other therapies. Concentrations of hepatic folate cycle intermediates in the 2X therapy were always higher in the 2X treatment than those with the 0XNEG and 0XPOS heifers. In the 0. 5X heifers, the hepatic transcript abundance of MAT2A and MAT2B was reduced relative to the 0XNEG, 0XPOS, and 2X heifers. To achieve elevated B12 and folate levels in serum, beef heifers fed rumen protected methionine and choline, B12 and 320 mg folate are recommended every week. These results show that beef heifers fed rumen protected methionine and choline require 20 mg B12 and 320 mg folate every week.

Source link: https://europepmc.org/article/MED/36566452

Root exudation of carbon and nitrogen compounds varies over the day-night cycle in pea: the role of diurnal changes in internal pools.

The export of organic compounds from plant roots to the soil is Rhizodeposition. We investigated diurnal dynamics of NSC and amino acid pools and fluxes inside the plant and the rhizosphere to see whether primary metabolites scales with plant NSC status. The rhizosphere's diurnal dynamics of soluble sugars and AA concentrations in tissues coincided with exudate pool fluctuations. With NSC and AA pools in the roots, the rhizosphere's SS and AA pools increased. The balance of exudates was significantly reduced in the rhizosphere, with AA exudate content decreasing drastically, while SS exudate content remained stable. Our results indicate that rhizodeposition is to some extent influenced by plant C:N status. We hypothesize that SS exudation is less monitored than AA exudation because N assimilation is dependent on controlled C supply, while SS exudation depends to a greater degree on passive diffusion systems.

Source link: https://europepmc.org/article/MED/36562125

Performance, life cycle assessment, and economic comparison between date palm waste biochar and activated carbon derived from woody biomass.

Currently, comparisons between biochar and activated carbon in terms of results, environmental, economic, and financial consequences are limited. Biochar derived from date palm waste was analyzed using a gate-to-grave life cycle assessment approach in this study, and results were compared to activated carbon derived from woody biomass. The potentials of date palm waste biochar and activated carbon global warming potentials were found to be 1. 53 and 8. 96 kg CO 2eq/kg respectively. The cumulative energy demand for producing date palm waste biochar was found to be 20. 3 MJ/kg, although activated carbon resulted in 119. 5 MJ/kg. According to the economic results, the average cost of producing date palm waste biochar and activated carbon was $ 1. 06/kg and $ 1. 34/kg, respectively. Based on the study's findings, date palm waste biochar is more cost-effective, has less environmental impact, and has comparable adsorption rates as compared to activated carbon.

Source link: https://europepmc.org/article/MED/36590480

New insights into the effects of chlorpyrifos on soil microbes: Carbon and nitrogen cycle related microbes in wheat/maize rotation agricultural field.

The Chlorpyrifos residue level and its effect on soil microbes related to soil carbon and nitrogen cycle function were investigated. The half-lives of chlorpyrifos in wheat and maize field soil were 7. 23-8. 23 and 1. 77 d, respectively, according to the investigators. Where the final residual chlorpyrifos in wheat/maize was above the maximum residual limit in China, application of chlorpyrifos at even higher dose resulted in inacceptable residual chlorpyrifos. The shifts in cbbLR and cbbLG gene abundance have also demonstrated that chlorpyrifos can influence the import and export of soil carbon pool. Chlorpyrifos inhibited nitrogen fixation in the wheat field, but not so much nitrogen fixation in maize field, according to a new review of N-cycle functional genes and urease activity. In a real agricultural field, the results showed the negative effects of chlorpyrifos on soil microbes, particularly on soil C and N cycles.

Source link: https://europepmc.org/article/MED/36549448

Comparative assessment of environmental impacts of 1st generation (corn feedstock) and 3rd generation (carbon dioxide feedstock) PHA production pathways using life cycle assessment.

New perspectives regarding the reduction of the environmental impacts can be offered in comparison to already established PHA routes based on renewable feedstock such as glucose. In all three assessed environmental impact categories, the photoautotrophic production of PHA shows advantages in comparison to heterotrophic PHA based on glucose originating from corn as feedstock, thus exposing the environmental benefits of novel production routes for bioplastics. When compared to the heterotrophic production based on glucose feedstock, our findings show that PHA production from CO 2 using the photoautotrophic production route is a promising technology with respect to the environmental consequences.

Source link: https://europepmc.org/article/MED/36535471

Improving the rate capacity and cycle stability of FeP anodes for lithium-ion batteries via in situ carbon encapsulation and copper doping.

Carbon frameworks can increase the conductivity and slow down the volume expansion, according to the results, with highly dispersed FeP facilitating Li-ion migration during the charge and discharge processes. In addition, Cu doping leads to rearrangement of the charge density and an additional lattice distortion in FeP, which increases the electron mobility and enriches the surface-active sites, encouraging electrochemical reaction and charge storage. This report presents a feasible and efficient method for producing transition metal phosphate anodes for high-performance LIBs.

Source link: https://europepmc.org/article/MED/36535170

What we talk about when we talk about the long-term carbon cycle.

The terrestrial biota is a key component of the long-term carbon cycle, as shown by deposition of biomass as coal and other sedimentary organic matter, as well as the effects of plants, fungi, and microbial life on silicate minerals' weathering.

Source link: https://europepmc.org/article/MED/36484141

Life Cycle Assessment-Based Carbon Footprint Accounting Model and Analysis for Integrated Energy Stations in China.

China has invested extensively in energy infrastructure to achieve its carbon neutrality target, and the latest integrated energy stations projects will provide a great deal to achieve the carbon freeness target. The technique is used on a 110 kV wind power IES project in China to measure and quantify lifecycle carbon emissions, identify the key influence factors of carbon footprints, and make carbon reduction recommendations.

Source link: https://europepmc.org/article/MED/36554331

Straw mulch improves soil carbon and nitrogen cycle by mediating soil microbial community structure in maize field

Aims: This research was undertaken to determine whether the microbial community networks and soil variables could help to promote carbon and nitrogen cycles in maize fields under straw mulch, according to Aims. Result: Our findings revealed that short-term straw mulch had a significant effect on microbial u03b2-diversity. During reducing fermentation and nitrogen fixation in maize rhizosphere soil, straw mulch significantly increased the relative abundances of bacteria related to chemoheterotrophy, aerobic chemoheterotrophy, ureolysis, and nitrogen fixation. The soil labile C and N fractions were increased by straw mulch, according to the Biology ECO-plate findings, straw mulch reduced the metabolic capacity of microbial labile carbon resources, reducing the soil labile C and N fractions. Conclusions: Our results show that straw mulch increases soil C and N cycle in maize field by mediating microbial community networks to increase labile C and N components.

Source link: https://europepmc.org/article/PPR/PPR581015

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